Artifact Friday - Antonov AN-2

             For a short time only, we have acquired a very peculiar part of history. The Antonov AN-2 stands proudly as the largest single engine biplane ever produced with an upper wingspan of 59ft 9in and a length of 40ft 8in. Originally designed in 1947 by the Antonov Design Bureau, the AN-2 was meant for use as a utility aircraft for forestry and agriculture. The Antonov Design Bureau was tasked by the Soviet Union to manufacture a plane that with high load capacity and reliability. The single engine, a Shvetsov ASh-62 radial engine, in tandem with the biplane design permitted takeoff in 560ft and a max speed of 160 mph. The AN-2 also comes equipped with pneumatic brake systems like those found in large trucks and an air compressor for changing the pressure in tires. This allows the AN-2 to operate in more inhospitable and remote areas including harsh arctic environments. Furthermore, the large batteries, despite their size, can be easily removed and replaced allowing for the plane to act as a shelter even without ground power units. I very interesting part of the AN-2 is its remarkable low stall speed. Meaning, with high wind conditions, the AN-2 can fly backwards.

             The simple design of the AN-2 has allowed for easy modifications and dozens of variants to be constructed. The uses for such a simple and rugged design have been so great, in fact, that the Antonov AN-2 only ceased production in 2001 with over 18,000 being produced since 1947. A popular use for the AN-2 was found in agriculture as a crop duster. The wide wingspan allowed for larger spray apparatuses and was frequently utilized in the vast farmland of modern-day Ukraine. The AN-2’s tactical potential was not lost on the USSR or its allies. The North Korean military utilized them as troop transports during the Korean War and was even modified into an attack aircraft. One of these variants attacked US naval forces and was intercepted and shot down by an American F-4 Phantom. Many nations went on to purchase the AN-2 from the Soviet Union and utilize them in their militaries for their cheap, versatile, and durable designs. A few of these nations, North Korea included, still use the AN-2 in their military today.